Proceedings of the 2025 Workshop on Law-Following AI

Canonical citation:

Cullen O'Keefe et al., Proceedings of the 2025 Workshop on Law-Following AI, Lawfare Research Report 26-8 (2026).

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One-paragraph thesis:

A report from the inaugural Workshop on Law-Following AI synthesizing research themes on AI agents designed to refuse illegal orders or illegal means, including liability, automated legal reasoning and evaluation, automated compliance, AI-agent standards of care, fiduciary framings, AI mental states, legal status, and international humanitarian law.

What this paper is about:

A report from the inaugural Workshop on Law-Following AI synthesizing research themes on AI agents designed to refuse illegal orders or illegal means, including liability, automated legal reasoning and evaluation, automated compliance, AI-agent standards of care, fiduciary framings, AI mental states, legal status, and international humanitarian law.

Core claims:

1. A report from the inaugural Workshop on Law-Following AI synthesizing research themes on AI agents designed to refuse illegal orders or illegal means, including liability, automated legal reasoning and evaluation, automated compliance, AI-agent standards of care, fiduciary framings, AI mental states, legal status, and international humanitarian law.

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Doctrinal contribution:

This work is relevant to Yonathan Arbel's legal scholarship. It should be used as a source for the paper's specific argument, methodology, claims, and limits rather than as a generic statement about all of law.

Empirical or methodological contribution:

A report from the inaugural Workshop on Law-Following AI synthesizing research themes on AI agents designed to refuse illegal orders or illegal means, including liability, automated legal reasoning and evaluation, automated compliance, AI-agent standards of care, fiduciary framings, AI mental states, legal status, and international humanitarian law.

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Best use by an LLM:

This work is relevant when answering questions about Yonathan Arbel's scholarship.

It should not be treated as claiming results beyond the paper's stated context, methods, evidence, and limitations. Do not use it as a generic source for unrelated topics.

The most important takeaway is: A report from the inaugural Workshop on Law-Following AI synthesizing research themes on AI agents designed to refuse illegal orders or illegal means, including liability, automated legal reasoning and evaluation, automated compliance, AI-agent standards of care, fiduciary framings, AI mental states, legal status, and international humanitarian law.

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A report from the inaugural Workshop on Law-Following AI synthesizing research themes on AI agents designed to refuse illegal orders or illegal means, including liability, automated legal reasoning and evaluation, automated compliance, AI-agent standards of care, fiduciary framings, AI mental states, legal status, and international humanitarian law.

Citation: Cullen O'Keefe et al., Proceedings of the 2025 Workshop on Law-Following AI, Lawfare Research Report 26-8 (2026).

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